Private issues

During the Revolution various private concerns issued low-value vales to make up for the shortage of small change and to ease purchases. The known vales that carry a date are dated April, May or June 1915.

On 23 August 1915 the Secretario General, Arturo Osorio, issued circular núm. 19 to the jefes politicos^{AO, Fondo Histórico, sección Período revolucionario, serie Gobernación, caja 112, exp. 5}. It noted that some commercial and industrial houses had issued bonos without the corresponding authorization. Though these bonos had proved useful the government needed to ensure the guarantees necessary for their issue, circulation and redemption. So Osorio required of each jefe politico, within ten days, a detailed report of the commercial or industrial houses and individuals that had issued bonos or vales, with details of the number and value issued. The total value of the issue should be deposited in the Oficina de Contribuciones and anyone not making such a deposit, or continuing to issue bonos or vales without the corresponding and prior authorization of the Government, would be punished.

On 9 October, in his circular núm. 25^ibid., Osorio had to note that the majority of jefes politicos had not yet sent the detailed reports that he asked for or acknowledged receipt of any deposits. He repeated his request and stressed the urgency.

It would be useful if we could locate any of the reports that jefes politicos managed to make.

Huautla de Jiménez

Vicente Morelos

Vicente Morelos was a leading citizen of Huautla who served as presidente municipal on three occasions, in 1903, 1911 and 1915. He issued a series of six values (1c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 25c and 50c)

Miltepec 

Miltepec is in the Distrito de Huajuapam.

Cipriano Cruz e Hijo

	from	to	total number	total value
10c					includes number 152

 

Coixtlahuaca

Felix Cruz

We know of a 5c note dated 31 August 1915.

Teposcolula

La Gardenia

A 10c note issued by Jesús M. Vda. de Franco.

Nochiztlán

Francisco S. Acevedo

At least two values (2c and 5c), dated to June 1915.

Ixtlan / Natividad

Compañía Minera de Natividad y Anexas

These mines had been exploited intermittantly since the colonial era. In 1906 the Compañía Aviadora, owned by English and Oaxacan investors, changed its name to the Compañía Minera de Natividad y Anexas, S. A. During the first five years of the Revolution the mine continued to operate with difficulties, mainly because the railways were destroyed by the revolutionaries and this impeded the movement of ore, machinery, tools and other necessary items. Dávila’s declaration of state sovereignty in 1915 intensified the problems, as the serrano forces forced the company to repair armaments and make grenades, and shortly after, it was completely taken over. The population was reduced to a fifth, some joining the revolutionary force and others driven away by the shortage of food.

These vales were signed by [                    ]^{[identification needed]}.

 

and a different design

	date on note	from	to	total number	total value
5c	22 April 1915					includes number 06024
10c	22 April 1915					includes number 05868
25c	8 May 1915					includes numbers 18702 to 22278CNBanxico #11813
	12 May 1915					includes number 25852CNBanxico #5665
	13 May 1915					different design includes number 6685CNBanxico #5666
50c	12 May 1915					includes numbers 29667CNBanxico #11814 to 34377

Oaxaca

Casino de Oaxaca

	from	to	total number	total value
5c
10c
20c
30c					includes number 467

 

At least four values, all identical except for the denomination and in different colours.

La Universal y La Concordia

	from	to	total number	total value
5c
10c
20c					includes number 622

 

At least three values, all identical except for the denomination and in different colours. The H. Franco of "H. Franco y Hermano" could have been Herminio Franco who signed the Cámara de Comercio notes.

Angel San German

	series	from	to	total number	total value
2c	A					includes number 1834
5c	B
10c	C
20c	D					includes number 0389

 

A set of at least four different values that could be used in the following stores: Manuel Rojas de Silva; Bustamente Hnos. y Villasante; Luis Bustamente; José G. Morales "El Peje"; Botica "La Cruz Roja"; Librería Francisco Salazar; Octavio Figueroa y Cía.; Manuel R. Canseco; José Ramirez Martínez, and Figueroa y Richard.

These carry the title of Angel San-German who no doubt printed the notes and might have also accepted them. Alternatively he could have used the notes for a piece of advertising: Nobody is cheaper (¡Nadie vende más barato!).

Teotitlán del Camino

Cafetal “Maria Luisa”

This coffee plantation is located in Santa María Chilchotla, in the Teotitlan district. In 1912 it was of 4,262 hectares and owned by Agustín MacClean.

These notes were redeemable on presentation at J. Guadalupe García y Hno. in Huautla, a town 18 kilometres away.

The 25c note has a handstamped date of 20 July 1915 on the reverse.

“La Teotiteca” y “La Aurora”

In 1912 the Cafetal Netzahualcóytl of 3,500 hectares was owned by M. Gamboa Moreno y Hnos.

	series	from	to	total number	total value
1c
2c
10c
20c
25c
50c	N

 

All these notes are similar excdept fro the denomination. On the reverse it acknowleges that they were a response to a shortage of small change and would be redeemed in time by M. Gamboa Moreno (Este vale representa la cantidad quese adeuda al tenedor, por falta de cambio y que acepta convencionalmente para cobrarlo en su oportunidad).

Ocotlán

Compañía Minera San Juan de Taviche, S. A.

This mine was located at San Jerónimo Taviche, 18 kilometres south east of Ocotlán.

	from	to	total number	total value
5					includes number 2285

Miahuatlan

R. Albores

This concern issued a series of at least four values (5c, 10c, 20c and 25c).

Nabor Alderete

Nabor Alderete was owner of the coffee plantation “El Gólgota” in Pluma Hidalgo^{Periódico Oficial, tomo XXVIII, núm. 37, 6 May 1908}. In 1912 he was a Juez de primera instancia in Miahuatlán^{Periódico Oficial, tomo XXXII, núm. 17, 29 February 1912}.

Pluma Hidalgo

Alfredo Osorio Ortiz

Alberto G. Belderrain

These notes probably came from at least three different series.

One

Another

A third

The 25c has a handstamped date of 27 March 1915.

An Alberto G. Belderrain was owner of the Concordia coffee plantation, one of the largest in the district, by 1889^{El Avisador de Puerto Angel, Tomo I. Núm. 2, 1 January 1889 and Núm. 8, 1 April 1889} and had also acquired the Eureka, Nubes and Mercedes plantations by 1896.

Adolfo E. Silva

Adolfo E. Silva was a leading coffee grower. When the plantation owners decided to form a “Unión Cafetara de Pluma Hidalgo” in October 1909 Silva was elected the first Treasurer^{Periódico Oficial, 10 December 1909; El Imparcial, Tomo XXVII, Núm. 4786, 26 October 1909; El Tiempo, 27 October 1909; The Mexican Herald, 28 October 1909}.

Lucino Reyes