Further Arrieta issues
There were two futher issues, which will have been printed by Miguel Gómez. These are a $5 note, dated August 1915, and a $10 note, dated October 1915 (marked TRANSITORIO (temporary) and later listed by Arrieta as a provisional issueCEHM, Fondo XXI-4, telegram Arrieta to Carranza 13 January 1916). They are the same design with a vignette of Justice as a $2 note, which is dated February 1915, but carries the signatures of the Villista Saravia, Olargaray and Gaxiola. Both the Saravia $2 note and the Arrieta $5 note refer to a decree of 12 December 1914 (but this is probably an error for 12 December 1913).
The earlier $10 had three signatures - Arrieta as governor, Ramiro Fernández as Secretario Interino and José Clark as Director General de Rentas.
while later notes had just two signatures (Arrieta and Fernández).
Domingo Arrieta León was born in Candelas, Durango on 4 August 1874. Before joining the revolution he was a miner in San Andrés de la Sierra and muleteer. With his brothers Andrés, Marian, Eduardo and José, he joined the revolution under Madero in 1910, was general of the forces that took Durango on 18 June 1913 and named comandante military de la plaza. He was governor from 10 August 1913 until 28 February 1914. He fought against Villa from 1914 to 1916. He was governor of Durango from August 1917 to May 1920 and remained faithful to Carranza when the latter fled the presidency and refused to recognise the new government. He was pardoned by Obregón on 7 May 1924 and rejoined the army on 11 September 1927, though he continued to be involved in politics. He became a division general on 6 November 1940 and retired from the army on 1 August 1944. He died in Durango on 18 November 1962. | |
Ramiro Fernández Fernández was Arrieta’s Secretario Interino de Gobierno, when Arrieta took over the governorship from Máximo García in November 1915Supplement to Periódico Oficial, Tomo XLI. No. 1, 23 january 1916. He went on to serve as a deputy to the Federal legislature in 1917El Pueblo, Año II, No. 863, 23 March 1917. |
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José Clark was appointed Director General de Rentas in August 1900 for a six year termEl Tiempo, 11 August 1900. He resigned (or stood down temporarily) in July 1907El Tiempo, Año XXV, Núm. 8,031, 31 July 1907 and in June 1908El Imparcial, 9 June 1908. He must have returned to serve under Arrieta. |
These $5 and $10 notes, as well as earlier Arrieta issues, Arrieta issues revalidated by the Convention, and Saravia issues are known with the same two seals (GOBIERNO CONSTITUCIONALISTA – DURANGO and DIRECCION GRAL. DE RENTAS – DURANGO and year date) on the reverse.
In addition, the $5 has the same reverse design as Garcia’s $5 issue of the following month, and is known with a (pre- issue) revalidation by Garcia’s administration, dated October 1915.
Máximo García was born in Ciudad Lerdo, Durango. He joined the revolutionary movement with his brother and both fought against the federal forces in the Comarca Lagunera. When the Huertistas recaptured Torreón Villa, from Ciudad Juárez, ordered García to retake it. García then commanded the Brigada Madero of 400 men and took part in the capture of Zacatecas on 23 June 1914. He was fighting at Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, when Villa was decisively defeated by Obregón at Celaya in April 1915. In August 1915 Villa's forces took the city of Durango and García was appointed Governor and Military Commander. During Obregón’s presidency García returned to the army and as a general commanded forces against the Escorbarista rebellion in 1929. He was a senator for Durango from 1940 to 1946 and died in 1964. |
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A. Dovali |
The Oficial Mayor of the Sección de Hacienda consigned $7,500 of these revalidated notes to the Direccion General of Rentas on 14 October 1915ADUR, Libro Copiador 304, Hacienda 20 May 1915 - 1 March 1916, p548 and $35,000 on 16 OctoberADUR, Libro Copiador 304, Hacienda 20 May 1915 - 1 March 1916, p556.
In his later telegram to CarranzaCEHM, Fondo XXI-4, telegram Arrieta to Carranza 13 January 1916 Arrieta acknowledged that he had issued the following amounts (numbers corrected):
Date on notes | . | Series | from | to | total number |
total value |
August 1915 | $5 | 1 | 1000 | 5,000 | $ 25,000 | |
October 1915 | $10 | A | 1 | 40600 | 40,600 | 406,000 |
$431,000 |
As well as the errors in the original telegram known numbers suggest that Arrieta underreported the $5 issue though General Murguía had previously confirmed the $406,000 for the $10 issueCEHM, Fondo XXI-4, telegram Murguía to Carranza 12 November 1915.
In summary:
Date on notes | . | Series | from | to | total number |
total value |
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August 1915 | $5 | A | 00001 | includes numbers 01272CNBanxico #4046 to 05455 | |||
8,500 | $ 42,500 | overprinted 'Revalidado / Octubre de 1915' and two signatures includes numbers 03769 to 60440CNBanxico #4044 |
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October 1915 | $10 | A |
00001 | 40,600 | 406,000 | with three signatures includes numbers 00521 to 00573CNBanxico #4049 |
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40600 | with two signatures includes numbers 31041CNBanxico #4047 to 32847CNBanxico #4050 |
On 3 January 1916 Manuel Arrieta wired to Carranza that while Domingo Arrieta was away visiting Carranza in Monterrey he had had to exchange for some soldiers about $13,000 in the October issue for Constitutionalist notes. He asked Carranza to reimburse himADUR, Libro Copiador 303, Telegramas 23 April 1915 - 10 April 1916, p442 telegram 180 M. Arrieta, Durango, to Carranza, Querétaro, 3 January 1919.